Saturday, April 30, 2016

Don't call us, we'll call you.

cliché Do not be in further contact with us regarding your application/submission/inquiry/etc., we will contact you if we wish to proceed further (generally meaning that no such contact is to be expected). Watch the video

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May Day Eve (Czech Republic)

According to an old Czech superstition, witches try to enter people's homes on the eve of May Day and do them harm. The "Burning of the Witches" ceremony is observed in some parts of the country by building bonfires on the mountain tops. In Postupice, a town in the Bohemian region, a Maypole and Burning of the Witches Festival is held April 30-May 1 every year. The young men put up a maypole in the village square on the afternoon of April 30. The next day the burning of the witches takes place, when the villagers throw their broomsticks into the bonfire and burn the witches in effigy. Discuss


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Gallstones

The gallbladder is a small sac that stores and concentrates bile, a bitter fluid that aids in the emulsification of fats. In some people, small, pebble-like masses composed chiefly of cholesterol, calcium salts, and bile pigments form in the gallbladder or bile ducts. The presence of gallstones can lead to painful obstruction or infection and is sometimes treated with cholecystectomy, the surgical removal of the gallbladder. How does a procedure called lithotripsy break up gallstones? Discuss


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Eugen Bleuler (1857)

Bleuler was a Swiss psychiatrist who in 1908 introduced the term "schizophrenia." While studying schizophrenic patients, Bleuler concluded that the disease was not one of dementia, a condition involving organic deterioration of the brain, but one consisting of a state of mind in which contradictory tendencies exist together. He argued, against the prevailing opinion, that such patients were not incurable. "Schizophrenia" replaced what term for the disease? Discuss


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The Fall of Saigon (1975)

On April 30, 1975, Saigon, the largest city in Vietnam and the capital of South Vietnam, was captured by the National Liberation Front and the People's Army of Vietnam. The event marked the end of the Vietnam War (1955-1975) and the reunification of Vietnam under communist rule. The city lost its status as the country's capital and was renamed after what Vietnamese Marxist revolutionary leader and late president of North Vietnam? Discuss


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baleen

Definition: (noun) A horny material from the upper jaws of certain whales; used as the ribs of fans or as stays in corsets.
Synonyms: whalebone.
Usage: Baleen, formerly used in buggy whips, parasol ribs, and corsets, has largely been replaced by plastic in these items.
Discuss

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Picture of the day for April 30, 2016



Family of Menhirs, Tower Park, A Coruña, Spain. The sculpture group, created in 1994, is work of artist Manolo Paz. The holes in the rocks are designed to frame different views of the park and the bay through them.. Learn more.

Friday, April 29, 2016

Grapeshot

Grapeshot is a cluster of small iron balls loaded into a canvas bag and fired from a cannon. When a grapeshot-loaded cannon is fired, the balls disperse at a high velocity, causing devastation similar to that of a scaled-up shotgun. This ammunition was especially effective against infantry massed at close range and was used until the early 19th century, when it was largely replaced by metal-cased canister shot. Which pirate was killed by a blast of grapeshot? Discuss


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Uesugi Matsuri

This Japanese festival, held in Yonezawa, commemorates the illustrious warrior Uesugi Kenshin (1530-1578). Uesugi Kenshin is also remembered for his role in a series of five battles, fought on a triangular island in the middle of the Matsukawa river, known as the Battles of Kawanakajima. The Uesugi Matsuri commemorates the warrior and his soldiers with mock battles and various costumed events, as well as a Musha Gyoretsu, a parade of warriors of the Sengoku (Warring States) Era. Discuss


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George Eliot

Falsehood is so easy, truth so difficult. Discuss


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WWII: Operation Manna Begins (1945)

During WWII, the Royal Air Force delivered 6,680 tons food into parts of the German-occupied Netherlands, with the acquiescence of the occupying forces, to feed starving Dutch citizens suffering from a famine that ultimately claimed 18,000 lives. Operation Manna, as it was called, was named for the food that the Book of Exodus says miraculously appeared for the Israelites in the wilderness. The mission ended on May 8, when Germany's surrender ended the war in Europe. How was the food delivered? Discuss


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John Arbuthnot (1667)

Greatly admired in his time, Arbuthnot was a Scottish scientist, mathematician, and satirist. The court physician to Queen Anne, he is best remembered for his five "John Bull" pamphlets, political satires on the Whig war policy that introduced the character John Bull, a personification of England akin to the American Uncle Sam. With his friends Jonathan Swift, Alexander Pope, and John Gay, Arbuthnot was a founding member of the famous Scriblerus Club, an organization devoted to what? Discuss


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in donkeys

In an exceptionally long period of time. The phrase likely originated as the rhyming slang, shortened to simply "donkeys," of "donkey's ears" -where "ears" rhymes with "years" and alludes to the length of a donkey's ears. Watch the video

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revetment

Definition: (noun) A facing, as of masonry, used to support an embankment.
Synonyms: stone facing.
Usage: Like seawalls, revetments armor and protect the land behind them.
Discuss

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Picture of the day for April 29, 2016



Head shaman of Olkhon at Lake Baikal. Buryatia, Russia.. Learn more.

Thursday, April 28, 2016

Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat, King of Jerusalem (1192)

Conrad of Montferrat was a northern Italian nobleman and one of the major participants in the Third Crusade. In 1189, he joined Guy of Lusignan at the siege of Akko, but a year later he sought to displace Guy as king of Jerusalem. To establish a claim to the crown, he married Isabella, daughter of Amalric I. In 1192, Conrad was acknowledged as king, but a few days later he was assassinated, and the royal title passed to the two later husbands of his widow. Who killed him? Discuss


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Rhyta

Rhyta are ancient, hornlike drinking vessels that often feature a wide mouth and a pierced, pointed bottom. This design allows a rhyton to function as both a scoop for liquids contained in a larger storage vessel and, when the hole at its base is unstoppered, as a pouring device. Rhyta are often shaped like animal heads or horns and can be simple ceramic constructions or ornate showpieces decorated with precious metals and stones. What animal was frequently depicted on the rhyta of Minoan Crete? Discuss


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Ambrose Bierce

Acquaintance, n.: A person whom we know well enough to borrow from, but not well enough to lend to. A degree of friendship called slight when its object is poor or obscure, and intimate when he is rich or famous. Discuss


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James Monroe (1758)

Monroe was the fifth president of the US. After serving in the American Revolution, he was elected to the Senate, where he opposed the administration of George Washington. He nevertheless became Washington's minister to France and later helped to negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. With Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, he developed the principles of US foreign policy later called the Monroe Doctrine. Monroe served two terms as president, presiding in a period that became known as what? Discuss


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Doctors make the worst patients.

It is difficult to give people help or advice on something in which they are professionals, because they often feel as though they already know better than anyone else how to handle the situation or perform a given task. Watch the video

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Freedom of Entry Ceremony

Inaugurated in 2007, this ceremony honors the Royal Malaysian Navy with a series of traditional rituals that date back to medieval times. It takes place in the Malaysian seaport town of Kota Kinabalu on the island of Borneo. Along with the public symbolic gestures that confer the navy's right to protect the city, the ceremony also features several entertaining exhibitions and shows intended to attract tourists, including a boat demonstration, helicopter aerial displays, tours of navy ships, and performances by the navy band and silent drill teams. Discuss


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furuncle

Definition: (noun) A painful sore with a hard pus-filled core.
Synonyms: boil.
Usage: His doctor referred him to a dermatologist who would examine the furuncle on his leg.
Discuss

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Picture of the day for April 28, 2016



El Palau de les Arts Reina Sofía in Valencia, Spain.. Learn more.

Wednesday, April 27, 2016

Sierra Leone Granted Independence from the UK (1961)

The capital of Sierra Leone, Freetown, was founded on the coast of West Africa by British abolitionists in 1787 as a haven for freed and runaway slaves. It became a British colony in 1808, and the region became a British protectorate in 1896. It achieved independence in 1961 and became a republic 10 years later, but with independence came a series of military coups. An 11-year civil war marked by horrific atrocities further devastated the country and ended in 2002. What has occurred since then? Discuss


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Smokejumpers

Smokejumpers are firefighters who parachute into remote areas to combat forest fires. While smokejumpers save many lives, the inherent risks associated with parachuting into a fire lead many to question the value of the profession. Proponents argue that parachute deployment helps firefighters reach remote areas quickly and with more equipment than other means allow, thus enabling them to begin containing fires at their early stages. Which country employs the largest number of smokejumpers? Discuss


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Virginia Woolf

It is no use trying to sum people up. One must follow hints, not exactly what is said, nor yet entirely what is done. Discuss


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anemometer

Definition: (noun) An instrument for measuring wind force and velocity.
Synonyms: wind gauge.
Usage: The storm chasers loaded their van with high-tech gear, including a number of powerful anemometers.
Discuss

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Mary Wollstonecraft (1759)

Wollstonecraft was an English author who turned to writing while teaching and working as a governess and as a translator for a London publisher. She was an early proponent of educational equality between men and women, and her most important book, A Vindication of the Rights of Women, is widely regarded as the founding document of modern feminism. In 1797, she married the philosopher William Godwin. She died days after the birth of their daughter, who went on to become what famous writer? Discuss


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Sierra Leone Independence Day

This national holiday celebrates the day Sierra Leone became independent from Britain in 1961. Independence Day festivities are especially elaborate in the capital city of Freetown. Discuss


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dodge a bullet

To narrowly avoid something or some situation that turns out to be undesirable, disastrous, dangerous, or otherwise harmful. Watch the video

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Picture of the day for April 27, 2016



Salineras (salt evaporation ponds) in Maras, Peru. The salt has been obtained in Maras since the time of the Inca Empire, and the site currently has around 3000 ponds of 5 square metres (54 sq ft) each. Salt water is deposited in the ponds from the surrounding mountains, and the water evaporates. After approximately a month, the level of salt reaches 10 centimetres (3.9 in) and is removed in sacks.. Learn more.

Tuesday, April 26, 2016

bookplate

Definition: (noun) A label bearing the owner's name or other identification that is pasted usually on the inside cover of a book.
Synonyms: ex libris.
Usage: I learned from the bookplate that the previous owner of my copy of <i>Gone with the Wind</i> had been a woman named Scarlett.
Discuss

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Tanganyika and Zanzibar Merge to Form Tanzania (1964)

Located in central East Africa, Tanzania has been inhabited by humans or their ancestors perhaps longer than any other place on Earth, with hominid fossils discovered there dating back over two million years. The country of Tanzania is a more recent development, forming in 1964 with the merger of two newly independent republics—Tanganyika and Zanzibar. The former leaders of Tanganyika and Zanzibar then became Tanzania's first president and vice president. What is Tanzania's official language? Discuss


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Tanzania Union Day

On April 26, 1964, the East African countries of Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form the United Republic of Tanzania. Union Day celebrates this merger. In the city of Dar es Salaam, speeches and a parade mark Union Day. Dignitaries from nearby countries join Tanzanian government officials in these festivities. In 2004, to mark Union Day, Tanzanian president Benjamin Mkapa pardoned nearly 4,500 prisoners who had been sentenced for minor crimes or who had less than three years to serve of a longer sentence. Discuss


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Charles Darwin

A fair result can be obtained only by fully stating and balancing the facts and arguments on both sides of each question. Discuss


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do the right thing

To act or behave correctly, appropriately, or with the best intentions. Watch the video

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Wingsuit Flying

Wingsuit fliers wear a specialized jumpsuit that shapes the human body into an airfoil, a structure whose shape provides lift, propulsion, stability, and directional control over a flying object. Fabric sewn between the legs and under the arms of the wingsuit allows the flier to glide through the air much like a bird, while a separate parachute allows him to land safely. A British stuntman died wing-diving in 2013, just a year after he parachuted into what high-profile event? Discuss


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John James Audubon (1785)

Audubon was a US ornithologist and artist known for his drawings and paintings of North American birds. After failing in business, he concentrated on compiling his extraordinary four-volume Birds of America, published between 1827 and 1838. Though his bird poses are sometimes unrealistic—the result of painting dead birds wired into position—and some details are inaccurate, his studies were fundamental to New World ornithology. How many bird species are featured in Birds of America? Discuss


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Picture of the day for April 26, 2016



Exemplar of a Saddlebags glider (Tramea sp.) female, Cerro Brujo, San Cristobal Island, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador.. Learn more.

Monday, April 25, 2016

Ella Fitzgerald (1917)

After winning an amateur contest at Harlem's Apollo Theater in 1934, Fitzgerald started singing with Chick Webb's big band and soon became its star. She recorded her first hit, "A Tisket-A Tasket," in 1938 and went on to become one of the best-selling vocal recording artists in history and a 14-time Grammy Award winner. In 1960, she made a famous live recording in which she improvised new lyrics to a song after forgetting the original ones. The performance earned her a Grammy. What song was it? Discuss


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Zero

Despite being the last digit to come into use in the numerical system, the zero plays a central role in mathematics. During the 2nd century CE, Ptolemy began using a small circle with a long bar above it to symbolize zero. Because it was used alone, not just as a placeholder, this Hellenistic zero was perhaps the first documented use of a number zero in the Old World. Four centuries later, an Indian mathematician wrote a book of rules governing the use of the zero. Is zero an odd or even number? Discuss


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Portugal Liberation Day

Liberation Day, or Liberty Day, is a public holiday commemorating the military coup on this day in 1974 that removed Marcello Caetano (1906-1980) from power, reflecting the opposition of many Portuguese to their government's military policies and wars in Africa. Discuss


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La Marseillaise, French National Anthem, Is Composed (1792)

Written and composed by French army officer Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle in 1792, La Marseillaise was adopted in 1795 as France's first anthem. Although it was then banned by Napoleon I, Louis XVIII, and Napoleon III, it was restored as France's national anthem in 1879. The evocative lyrics and recognizable tune of La Marseillaise have led to its use as a revolutionary anthem and have inspired many pieces of classical music and pop culture. What are some examples? Discuss


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Jane Austen

The power of doing anything with quickness is always prized much by the possessor, and often without any attention to the imperfection of the performance. Discuss


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dirty money

Money that is obtained or earned through illicit or illegal means, especially thievery, bribery, forgery, or money laundering. Watch the video

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rejoinder

Definition: (noun) A quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one).
Synonyms: riposte, comeback, retort, replication, counter, return.
Usage: Her eyes darkened, and he expected an indignant rejoinder.
Discuss

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Picture of the day for April 25, 2016



Branch of a chestnut in Park Sentmaring in autumn, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Learn more.

Sunday, April 24, 2016

Hubble Space Telescope Launched (1990)

The Hubble Space Telescope is the most sophisticated optical observatory ever placed into orbit around Earth, able to view star material some 10 to 12 billion light years away. Because it is above Earth's obscuring atmosphere, it can obtain images that are much brighter, clearer, and more detailed than ground-based telescope images. Although a defect in the primary mirror initially caused it to produce fuzzy images, a 1993 shuttle mission fixed this. What are some of Hubble's most famous images? Discuss


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God is in the detail(s)

Any action or plan one undertakes should be done carefully and pragmatically; attention to small details will ultimately yield the greatest results. Watch the video

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Sambo

Sambo is a modern martial art and combat sport that was developed to enhance the military's hand-to-hand combat system in the former Soviet Union. In 1938, it was named the official sport of the USSR. Sambo combines a variety of wrestling styles with east Asian martial arts, boxing, and even fencing, from which it derives its parrying and lunging techniques. What does the combat style's name mean? Discuss


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William Joyce (1906)

Born in the US and taken to the UK as a child, Joyce became involved with the fascist movement as a teen and fled to Germany before the outbreak of WWII. He remained there throughout the war, broadcasting Nazi propaganda in English from Berlin. He was captured by British soldiers in 1945 and, despite his American birth, was deemed subject to British jurisdiction because he held a British passport. He was convicted of treason and hanged. What urban legends about Joyce circulated during the war? Discuss


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World's Biggest Fish Fry

A spring festival in Paris, Tennessee, the World's Biggest Fish Fry makes use of the catfish in nearby Kentucky Lake. The fish fry began in 1954, and by the next year more than 1,600 pounds of catfish were served. Now, some 13,000 pounds of catfish are cooked, and about 100,000 people show up to eat, fish, and look around. Events include a car show, arts and crafts exhibits, a two-hour parade, and the coronation of a Queen of the Tennessee Valley and a Junior King and Queen. Besides fried fish to eat, there are hush puppies—small deep-fat fried corn meal balls. Discuss


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feckless

Definition: (adjective) Generally incompetent and ineffectual.
Synonyms: inept.
Usage: Much to his wife's dismay, Jim refused to call a professional, and continued his feckless attempts at repairing the plumbing in the house.
Discuss

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Picture of the day for April 24, 2016



Aaspere manor windmill, northern Estonia, built in the nineteenth century.. Learn more.

Saturday, April 23, 2016

The Battle of Clontarf (1014)

The Battle of Clontarf was a decisive battle fought between Irish forces under the high king of Ireland, Brian Boru, and a Viking army formed by Sitric, king of the Dublin Norse. Brian's forces defeated the Vikings at Clontarf, near Dublin, but he was killed shortly thereafter by fleeing Norsemen. Brian's victory broke Viking power in Ireland, but, without a king, the country split into small, separate kingdoms that then fought one another. What was Wolf the Quarrelsome's role in the battle? Discuss


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Buzkashi

Buzkashi is a traditional Central Asian team sport in which players on horseback try to grab the carcass of a headless goat or calf and pitch it across a goal line or into a target circle or vat. Although it is known as a popular Afghani sport, Buzkashi began as a sport of the steppes, a vast, prairie-like ecoregion of Eurasia, and remains a popular game throughout the region. Games can last for several days, and competition is fierce. How is the animal carcass prepared before a game? Discuss


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distend

Definition: (verb) To cause to expand by or as if by internal pressure; dilate.
Synonyms: dilate.
Usage: It is a mistake to think that that little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent.
Discuss

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Shirley Temple (1928)

A precocious performer known for her dimples and golden curls, Temple was a child actress who became America's most popular female star and Hollywood's top box office attraction in the Great Depression era. In 1934, she made nine movies, leaping to stardom with Little Miss Marker and winning a special Academy Award that year. She effectively retired from moviemaking in 1950. As an adult, Temple served as a US delegate to the UN General Assembly and as US ambassador to what countries? Discuss


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Turkey National Sovereignty and Children's Day

This festival was started in 1920 by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Turkish Republic, who recognized how important children were to his country's future and dedicated this day to them. On this national public holiday, Atatürk is honored with special services in Ankara, Turkey's capital city, at the monument built for him. Afterward, a children's program takes place in which children from around the world wear festive traditional costumes and dance and sing. In Istanbul, a similar celebration is held in the national soccer stadium. Discuss


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the devil is in the detail(s)

Plans, actions, or situations that seem sound must be carefully examined, because minor details can end up causing major, unforeseen problems. Watch the video

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Picture of the day for April 23, 2016



Male common brimstone butterfly (Gonepteryx rhamni), Parsonage Moor, Oxfordshire.. Learn more.

Friday, April 22, 2016

First Evening of Passover

Passover is an eight-day celebration (seven days in Israel and for Reform Jews) of the deliverance of the Jews from slavery in Egypt. Jewish families today eat a ceremonial dinner called the Seder at which they retell the story of the Exodus from Egypt and eat various symbolic foods—including meat of the Paschal Lamb, bitter herbs, and wine (symbolizing the fruitfulness of the earth). The matzoh (unleavened bread) is meant to symbolize the haste with which the Jews left. In strictly religious Jewish homes today, all foods made with leavening are prohibited during this season. Discuss


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First Earth Day Celebrated (1970)

The first Earth Day was organized in 1970 to promote ecological ideas, encourage respect for life on earth, and highlight growing concern over pollution of the soil, air, and water. Earth Day is now observed in more than 140 nations with outdoor performances, exhibits, street fairs, and television programs that focus on environmental issues. In 1990, Earth Day was marked by an "International Peace Climb," in which climbers from the US, Soviet Union, and China scaled what peak together? Discuss


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Henry Fielding (1707)

Fielding was an English novelist and dramatist known for his humor and satire. He settled in London in 1729 and began writing comedies, farces, and burlesques, including Tom Thumb. Two of his satires attacked the Walpole government and provoked the Licensing Act of 1737, which initiated censorship of the stage and ended his career as a playwright. He thereupon turned to writing novels, publishing his most popular work, Tom Jones, in 1749. Why did he travel to Portugal in 1754? Discuss


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desperate times call for desperate measures

Extreme and undesirable circumstances or situations can only be resolved by resorting to equally extreme actions. Derived from the proverb, "Desperate diseases must have desperate remedies. Watch the video

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Kinship Terminology

Kinship terms like mother and son are words used by a specific culture to describe various familial relationships. Such terminologies include words used to address members of one's own family as well as words used to identify people's relationships to one another. Kinship terms generally distinguish between the sexes and generations and indicate whether people are related by blood or marriage. What is the difference between "descriptive" and "classificatory" kinship terms? Discuss


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graver

Definition: (noun) A tool used by an engraver.
Synonyms: pointel.
Usage: The jewelry designer's studio was attached to her shop, so customers could watch her hammer metals and draw elegant designs with her graver.
Discuss

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Picture of the day for April 22 2016



On Earth Day, thunderheads near Borneo, Indonesia are featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 40 crew member on the International Space Station.. Learn more.